Calabozos is a Holocene caldera in the Maule Region in central Chile.
Part of the Chilean Andes' volcanic segment, it is considered a member
of the Southern Volcanic Zone. This most active section of the Andes
runs through central and western Chile, and includes more than 70 of
Chile's stratovolcanoes and volcanic fields. Calabozos and the majority
of the Andean volcanoes formed from the subduction of the oceanic Nazca
Plate under the continental South American continental lithosphere. The
caldera is in a transitional region between thick and thin lithosphere,
and is probably supplied by a pool of andesitic and rhyolitic magma. It
sits on a historic bed of volcanic and plutonic sedimentary rock that
in turn sits on top of a layer of merged sedimentary and metamorphic
rock. Calabozos is responsible for the huge Loma Seca Tuff, a body of
material 200 cubic kilometres (48 cu mi) to 500 cubic kilometres
(120 cu mi) in volume. It accumulated over at least three eruptive
periods, beginning 800,000 years ago (0.8 mya) and lasting until
150,000 years ago (0.15 mya). The caldera's dimensions are 26
kilometres (16 mi) by 14 kilometres (8.7 mi), and it has an elevation
of 3,508 metres (11,509 ft). (more...)
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<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabozos>
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Today's selected anniversaries:
425:
Valentinian III became Emperor of the Western Roman Empire at the age
of six.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentinian_III>
1642:
The Battle of Edgehill, the first pitched battle of the First English
Civil War between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians, was fought to
an inconclusive result near Edge Hill and Kineton in southern
Warwickshire.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Edgehill>
1739:
Great Britain declared war on Spain, starting the War of Jenkins' Ear.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_Jenkins%27_Ear>
1956:
The Hungarian Revolution began as a peaceful student demonstration
which attracted thousands as it marched through central Budapest to the
Parliament building.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956>
1983:
Lebanese Civil War: Suicide bombers destroyed two barracks in Beirut,
Lebanon, killing 241 U.S. servicemen and 58 French paratroopers of the
international peacekeeping force.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Beirut_barracks_bombing>
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Wiktionary's word of the day:
palatal (adj):
1. (anatomy) Pertaining to the palate.
2. (dentistry, not comparable) Of an upper tooth, on the side facing
the palate.
3. (phonetics) Articulated at the hard palate
<http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/palatal>
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Wikiquote quote of the day:
The best doctors found a middle position where they were neither
overwhelmed by their feelings nor estranged from them. That was the
most difficult position of all, and the precise balance — neither too
detached nor too caring — was something few learned.
--Michael Crichton
<http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Michael_Crichton>